我国扫描电镜产业的发展与预测研究

长期以来,全球电镜研发一直是美国、日本和德国三足鼎立,其中以日本日立公司、日本电子公司、美国FEI公司以及德国蔡司公司表现最为突出。而我国扫描电镜主要依靠进口,本文对韩国、日本、美国、德国等国家的产业发展经验进行研究,结合我国实际情况,分析我国扫描电镜产业的发展趋势,并提出促进我国扫描电镜产业发展的对策建议。     

Collaborative Project Management: A Systemic Approach to Heavy Equipment Manufacturing Project Management

Quite often over the last decade, heavy equipment manufacturers are trying to improve their project management performance with the use of effective project management methods. However, the challenges encountered aren’t isolated problems and a systemic approach is required. This paper exemplifies how a systemic approach can be applied to heavy equipment manufacturing project (HEMP) management, through of a multifaceted vision. The findings present in the paper are based on a two-year case study in a metallurgic equipment manufacturing enterprise in China. Based on the analysis of HEMP management problems and the contributions on systemic approach application in project management, the paper enriches existing theory by: (1) interpreting the HEMP management system with the top-down disassembly method; (2) developing the collaborative project management approach with a systems view highlighting the project characteristics management and inter-departmental collaboration; (3) making suggestions for systemic approach application in project management. For practitioners and researchers, the findings are particularly meaningful for manufacturing project management and systemic approach application.     

Semiparametric Preference Learning

Unlike traditional supervised learning problems,preference learning learns from data available in the form of pairwise preference relations between instances.Existing preference learning methods are either parametric or nonparametric in nature.We propose in this paper a semiparametric preference learning model,abbreviated as SPPL,with the aim of combining the strengths of the parametric and nonparametric approaches.SPPL uses multiple Gaussian processes which are linearly coupled to determine the preference relations between instances.SPPL is more powerful than previous models while keeping the computational complexity low （linear in the number of distinct instances）.We devise an efficient algorithm for model learning.Empirical studies have been conducted on two real-world data sets showing that SPPL outperforms related preference learning methods.     

Abnormal kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism in cardiovascular diseases

Kynurenine pathway (KP) is the primary path of tryptophan (Trp) catabolism in most mammalian cells. The KP generates several bioactive catabolites, such as kynurenine (Kyn), kynurenic acid (KA), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK), xanthurenic acid (XA), and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA). Increased catabolite concentrations in serum are associated with several cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart disease, atherosclerosis, and endothelial dysfunction, as well as their risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and aging. The first catabolic step in KP is primarily controlled by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). Following this first step, the KP has two major branches, one branch is mediated by kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) and kynureninase (KYNU) and is responsible for the formation of 3-HK, 3-HAA, and quinolinic acid (QA); and another branch is controlled by kynurenine amino-transferase (KAT), which generates KA. Uncontrolled Trp catabolism has been demonstrated in distinct CVD, thus, understanding the underlying mechanisms by which regulates KP enzyme expression and activity is paramount. This review highlights the recent advances on the effect of KP enzyme expression and activity in different tissues on the pathological mechanisms of specific CVD, KP is an inflammatory sensor and modulator in the cardiovascular system, and KP catabolites act as the potential biomarkers for CVD initiation and progression. Moreover, the biochemical features of critical KP enzymes and principles of enzyme inhibitor development are briefly summarized, as well as the therapeutic potential of KP enzyme inhibitors against CVD is briefly discussed.     

疏水蛋白rHGFI与rHFBI的发泡能力研究

将巴斯德毕赤酵母异源表达出的疏水蛋白rHGFI和rHFBI修饰硅化玻璃后进行玻璃表面接触角测定.结果显示:蛋白处理的硅化玻璃表面由疏水变为亲水.蛋白溶液表面张力测定结果表明:rHGFI和rHFBI是表面活性非常强的蛋白,均可使表面张力降低.以常用的食品乳化剂酪蛋白酸钠为对照,检测rHGFI和rHFBI蛋白的发泡能力和泡沫稳定性.0.1%的rHGFI和rHFBI蛋白溶液发泡能力明显高于同浓度的酪蛋白酸钠溶液,rHFBI蛋白溶液的泡沫稳定性最佳.     

雷公山聚筛蕊等三种地衣鉴别研究

对贵州省雷公山三种地衣进行鉴别研究。用化学显色反应法、微量结晶检验法、薄层层析法等方法研究地衣特性。鉴定出日本珊瑚枝Stereocaulon japonicum Th.Fr.、聚筛蕊Cladia aggregata(Sw.)Nyl.、孔叶衣Menegazzia terebrata(Hoffm.)A.Massal.3种地衣。将多种方法综合使用可以初步鉴定地衣药材,并为地衣药材的下一步研究开发奠定基础。     

从《唐摭言》看《汉语大词典》的孤证问题

作为一部＂古今兼收,源流并重＂的大型工具书,《汉语大词典》为众多学者提供了便利。然而不得不说的是,这部书也存在一些弊端。从该部书完成编纂到目前使用将近四十年的时间里,它在语音、释义、引证、编纂体例等方面的疏漏也逐渐被发现。其中,孤证问题也是一个重大疏漏。探讨《汉语的词典》的孤证问题,有利于纠正对一些字词的认识和提高词典本身的质量。     

一种新的军事概念建模方法

军事概念模型建模是作战复杂系统建模与仿真的重要环节。该文提出了一种包含面向过程任务空间概念建模与面向对象仿真空间建模两个阶段的军事概念模型建模方法。该方法方便军事人员与仿真人员从不同视角对作战系统进行抽象描述。最后,该文通过一个空基反导作战案例,对这一方法进行了验证。     

既有建筑结构加固技术方法探讨

随着我国社会发展的需求和经济建设的发展,建筑加层加固技术在现阶段广泛应用于社会生产实践。作为一门理论与实践相结合的综合性技术,目前没有完全统一的加固理论,因此,文章主要介绍了几种常用的加固技术方法,为建筑物的加固提供一定的技术支持。